Working Principle and Application Areas of Diesel Generator Sets
Working PrincipleDiesel generator sets mainly consist of a diesel engine, a generator and a control system. The diesel engine is the power source, and its working cycle includes four strokes: intake, compression, combustion expansion and exhaust.
During the intake stroke, the piston moves downward, the intake valve opens, and fresh air is drawn into the cylinder. Subsequently, in the compression stroke, the piston moves upward, and the air is compressed, with its temperature and pressure rising sharply. When the piston is close to the top dead center, the fuel injector sprays high-pressure diesel into the cylinder. The diesel mixes with the high-temperature and high-pressure air and then burns rapidly. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by combustion pushes the piston downward. This is the combustion expansion stroke, during which chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy. Finally, in the exhaust stroke, the piston moves upward, the exhaust valve opens, and the exhaust gas after combustion is discharged from the cylinder.
The generator mainly works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the diesel engine drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, the excitation winding on the rotor generates a magnetic field, which continuously cuts the stator winding. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force (emf) will be generated in the stator winding, thus outputting alternating current. By adjusting the speed of the diesel engine and the excitation current of the generator, the output voltage and frequency can be controlled.
Application Areas
In important medical places such as hospitals, diesel generator sets are crucial emergency power supply equipment. Once the mains power fails, diesel generator sets can start up quickly and provide continuous and stable power for important medical equipment in operating rooms, intensive care units, life support systems, etc., ensuring that the lives of patients will not be affected by power outages.
In data centers, a large number of servers and network equipment require uninterrupted power supply. Diesel generator sets, as backup power sources, can ensure the safe storage of data and the normal operation of the network when the mains power fails, preventing data loss and service interruption. For example, the data centers of some large cloud service providers are equipped with multiple high-power diesel generator sets to deal with possible power problems.
On construction sites, due to the complexity of the construction environment and the uncertainty of power supply, diesel generator sets are widely used to provide power for various construction equipment such as cranes, electric welding machines, concrete mixers, etc., ensuring that the construction progress will not be restricted by the mains power supply.
